Senin, 22 Januari 2018

A SYNTACTICAL ANALYSIS ON SENTENCE PATTERNS USED IN “THE FOX AND THE CROWS” SHORT STORY


Lecturer :
Rukminingsih, M.Pd

Student :
Restu Annisa Damayanti                (157110)
Siti Lailatun Nikmah                       (157062)
Phone Number:
085-732-787-074

SEKOLAH TINGGI KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
PERSATUAN GURU REPUBLIK INDONESIA
JOMBANG
2017
CHAPTER I

1.1  Introduction
In linguistics, the study about the sentence of language is syntax. Gleason (1961:128) defined syntax as the principles of arrangement of the construction formed by the process of derifation and inflection (word) into larger constructions of various kinds. Further, Hodge (1978:39) defines that syntax concerns the discovery of basic sentence types with the description or the possible subtitutions for each element of the basic types.
1.2  Problem Of The Study
What are the sentence patterns found  in The Fox and The Crow short story?

1.3  Objective Of The Study
This study aims to answer the problem stated above: analyzing sentence pattern in some of The Fox and The Crow short story.

1.4  Limitation Of The Study
The focus of this study is to investigate the sentence pattern in some of The Fox and The Crow short story.

1.5  Significance Of The Study
The result of this study will be useful for other researchers who are interested in investigating other short story which have the same topic.

1.6  Definition Of The Key Terms
Definition of the key terms is very important to avoid misunderstanding. The definition of the key terms is stated as follows:
1.      syntactic : about the arrangement and relationship among words, phrases, and clauses forming sentence, sentence structure (Webster, 1988: 55)
2.      analysis : separation into parts, possibly with commencement and judgement. (Webster: 1989)
3.      data : The Fox and The Crow  short story

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Sentence
a.       A simple sentence contains only one predicate (a group of words having a subject and predicate).For example : I go to school
b.      A compound sentence contains two or more predication connected by conjunction. For example : this is my book and that is yours
c.       Complex sentence contains one or more predication called independent or a main (principle) predication or main clause. For example : that is a book which I bought
d.      Compound complex sentence is a sentence that contains two or more independent clauses. Sentences may take the form of statement, question, request and exclamation.
For example : he doesn’t go to Surabaya very much but he has to get there because his family wants to go there.

So, sentence is the basis of syntactic system which consist of a group of related words containing a subject and a predicate as a means to express ideas, thought, messages’, etc.

According to Bornstein (1997:52), sentence must have Noun Phrase and verb phrase
(S                 NP+VP).
a.       Noun phrase
NP is a group of words whose elements are head nd modifier and it function as a noun or pronoun.
b.      Verb Phrase
Verb phrase is a group of words whose elements are head and modifier and it functions as a verb.
c.       Auxiliary
The auxiliary can be written as a modal auxiliary (may, should, will) or one of the “Helping Verb” (be, do, have) of traditional grammar, but it also includes tense (present or past) as its first element. Tense must be appeared under the auxiliary.
d.      Tense
Tense may be written as either present or past. 
e.       Modal
The next item to appear the auxiliary is modal. Since it is optimal, it is placed within parentheses that are used to indicate that an item may or may not be chosen.
f.       Negative form
The negative form indicated by the word ‘not’ also appears under the auxiliary. The helping verb that precedes the word ‘not also comes fros the auxiliary.
g.      Predicate and complement
h.      Adverb

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD

This chapter presents the method used to analyzed the data. In addition to that, I also wants to show the ways how to analyze the data by using the related theory dealing with the topic of this study.

3.1  Research Design
Wiersman (1991:14) stated that quantitative research relies heavily as statictical result represented with number, qualitative research relies heavily on narrative text description.

3.2  Data Source
The data of the study are the The Fox and The Crow  short story.

3.3  Data Collection
In collecgting the data the steps is:
1.                  Read to the short story
2.                  Read it carefully again focusing on the text
3.                  Choosing the text  to be analyzed from each parts randomly
4.                  Writing down all the choosen text to be analyzed

REFERENCE
THE FOX AND THE CROW
A Fox once saw a Crow fly off with a piece of cheese in its beak and settle on a branch of a tree.
     "That's for me, as I am a Fox," said Master Reynard, and he walked up to the foot of the tree.
     "Good day, Mistress Crow," he cried. "How well you are looking today: how glossy your feathers; how bright your eye. I feel sure your voice must surpass that of other birds, just as your figure does; let me hear but one song from you that I may greet you as the Queen of Birds."
     The Crow lifted up her head and began to caw her best, but the moment she opened her mouth the piece of cheese fell to the ground, only to be snapped up by Master Fox.
     "That will do," said he. "That was all I wanted. In exchange for your cheese I will give you a piece of advice for the future: "Do not trust flatterers.